Which term describes causes that can be addressed to improve quality rapidly?

The term that describes causes that can be addressed to improve quality rapidly is "special causes." Special causes are specific, identifiable factors that lead to variation in a process that is not inherent to the system. These causes are often isolated incidents or anomalies that can be quickly identified and corrected, resulting in immediate improvement in quality.

In contrast, common causes are inherent to the process and represent natural variations or fluctuations that occur under normal operating conditions. They are usually more difficult to address because they require fundamental changes to the system or process rather than rapid adjustments.

Random causes refer to variations that are unpredictable and typically arise from non-systematic factors. They are often considered part of the background noise and do not have a direct impact on the quality that can be easily addressed.

Chronic causes are persistent issues within a system that result in ongoing problems. While they can also be significant contributors to poor quality, addressing them typically takes a longer-term approach rather than enabling rapid improvement.

Therefore, understanding that special causes can be quickly identified and addressed is crucial for practitioners aiming to enhance quality efficiently.