What does the term "statistical significance" in Campbell's research design pertain to?

The term "statistical significance" in Campbell's research design specifically pertains to the results comparing pre-test and post-test measures. Statistical significance is a measure that helps researchers determine whether the effects observed in a study are likely due to the intervention (like a treatment or program) rather than chance. In Campbell's design, which often involves comparing outcomes before and after an intervention, statistical significance indicates whether the differences observed between pre-test and post-test measures are meaningful and reflect a genuine effect of the treatment.

This focus on comparing results emphasizes the importance of analyzing changes resulting from the intervention, which can inform conclusions about the effectiveness of the treatment or educational program being studied. The concept allows researchers to quantify the reliability of their findings and make informed decisions about the value of the impact observed.